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Psalms BC Preview coverPsalms Bible Companion

The book of Psalms is one of Dr. McGee’s favorite book studies—and you’ll soon see why. Explore each of the 150 psalms in this in-depth study and learn how they connect to each other and how they connect you to God. You’ll be thrilled to learn, to worship, to grow more in love with the God who loved you first in your deepest, most private moments. Let the songs begin. Enjoy this three-lesson preview and look for the complete Psalms Bible Companion coming soon. Get your heart ready.

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Introduction

The title in the Hebrew means Praises or Book of Praises. The title in the Greek suggests the idea of an instrumental accompaniment. Our title comes from the Greek psalmos. It is the book of worship. It is the hymnbook of the temple.

Many writers contributed one or more psalms. David, “the sweet psalmist of Israel,” has seventy-three psalms assigned to him. (Psalm 2 is ascribed to him in Acts 4:25; Psalm 95 is ascribed to him in Hebrews 4:7.) Also he could be the author of some of the “Orphanic” psalms. He was peculiarly endowed to write these songs from experience as well as a special aptitude. He arranged those in existence in his day for temple use. The other writers are as follows: Moses, 1 (90th); Solomon, 2; Sons of Korah, 11; Asaph, 12; Heman, 1 (88th); Ethan, 1 (89th); Hezekiah, 10; “Orphanic,” 39 (David may be the writer of some of these). There are 150 psalms.

Christ (the Messiah) is prominent throughout. The King and the Kingdom are the theme songs of the Psalms.

The key word in the Book of Psalms is Hallelujah, that is, Praise the Lord. This phrase has become a Christian cliche, but it is one that should cause a swelling of great emotion in the soul. Hallelujah, praise the Lord!

Psalms 50 and 150 I consider to be the key psalms. Psalm 50, a psalm of Asaph, probably tells more than any other. Psalm 150 is the hallelujah chorus—the word hallelujah occurs thirteen times in its six brief verses. It concludes the Book of Psalms and could be considered the chorus of all other psalms.

The Psalms record deep devotion, intense feeling, exalted emotion, and dark dejection. They play upon the keyboard of the human soul with all the stops pulled out. Very candidly, I feel overwhelmed when I come to this marvelous book. It is located in the very center of God’s Word. Psalm 119 is in the very center of the Word of God, and it exalts His Word.

This book has blessed the hearts of multitudes down through the ages. When I have been sick at home, or in the hospital, or when some problem is pressing upon my mind and heart, I find myself always turning to the Psalms. They always bless my heart and life. Apparently down through the ages it has been that way. Ambrose, one of the great saints of the church, said, “The Psalms are the voices of the church.” Augustine said, “They are the epitome of the whole Scripture.” Martin Luther said, “They are a little book for all saints.” John Calvin said, “They are the anatomy of all parts of the soul.” I like that.

Someone has said that there are 126 psychological experiences—I don’t know how they arrived at that number—but I do know that all of them are recorded in the Book of Psalms. It is the only book that contains every experience of a human being. The Psalms run the psychological gamut. Every thought, every impulse, every emotion that sweeps over the soul is recorded in this book. That is the reason, I suppose, that it always speaks to our hearts and finds a responsive chord wherever we turn.

Hooker said of the Psalms, “They are the choice and flower of all things profitable in other books.” Donne put it this way, “The Psalms foretell what I, what any, shall do and suffer and say.” Herd called the Psalms, “A hymnbook for all time.” Watts said, “They are the thousand-voiced heart of the church.” The place Psalms have held in the lives of God’s people testifies to their universality, although they have a peculiar Jewish application. They express the deep feelings of all believing hearts in all generations.

The Psalms are full of Christ. There is a more complete picture of Him in the Psalms than in the Gospels. The Gospels tell us that He went to the mountain to pray, but the Psalms give us His prayer. The Gospels tell us that He was crucified, but the Psalms tell us what went on in His own heart during the Crucifixion. The Gospels tell us He went back to heaven, but the Psalms begin where the Gospels leave off and show us Christ seated in heaven.

Christ the Messiah is prominent throughout this book. You will remember that the Lord Jesus, when He appeared after His resurrection to those who were His own, said to them, “...These are the words which I spake unto you, while I was yet with you, that all things must be fulfilled, which were written in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms, concerning me” (Luke 24:44). Christ is the subject of the Psalms. I think He is the object of praise in every one of them. I will not be able to locate Him in every one of them, but that does not mean that He is not in each psalm; it only means that Vernon McGee is limited. Although all of them have Christ as the object of worship, some are technically called messianic psalms. These record the birth, life, death, resurrection, glory, priesthood, kingship, and return of Christ. There are sixteen messianic psalms that speak specifically about Christ, but as I have already said, all 150 of them are about Him. The Book of Psalms is a hymnbook and a HIM book—it is all about Him. As we study it, that fact will become very clear.

In a more restrictive sense, the Psalms deal with Christ belonging to Israel and Israel belonging to Christ. Both themes are connected to the rebellion of man. There is no blessing on this earth until Israel and Christ are brought together. The Psalms are Jewish in expectation and hope. They are songs which were adapted to temple worship. That does not mean, however, that they do not have a spiritual application and interpretation for us today. They certainly do. I probably turn to them more than to any other portion of the Word of God, but we need to be a little more exacting in our interpretation of the Psalms. For example, God is not spoken of as a Father in this book. The saints are not called sons. In the Psalms He is God the Father, not the Father God. The abiding presence of the Holy Spirit and the blessed hope of the New Testament are not in this book. Failure to recognize this has led many people astray in their interpretation of Psalm 2. The reference in this song is not to the rapture of the church but to the second coming of Christ to the earth to establish His kingdom and to reign in Jerusalem.

The imprecatory psalms have caused the most criticism because of their vindictiveness and prayers for judgment. These psalms came from a time of war and from a people who under law were looking for justice and peace on earth. My friend, you cannot have peace without putting down unrighteousness and rebellion. Apparently God intends to do just that, and He makes no apology for it. In His own time He will move in judgment upon this earth. In the New Testament the Christian is told to love his enemies, and it may startle you to read prayers in the Psalms that say some very harsh things about the enemy. But judgment is to bring justice upon this earth. Also there are psalms that anticipate the period when Antichrist will be in power. We have no reasonable basis to dictate how people should act or what they should pray under such circumstances.

Other types of psalms include the penitential, historic, nature, pilgrim, Hallel, missionary, puritan, acrostic, and praise of God’s Word. This is a rich section we are coming to. We are going to mine for gold and diamonds here, my friend.

The Book of Psalms is not arranged in a haphazard sort of way. Some folk seem to think that the Psalms were dropped into a tub, shaken up, then put together with no arrangement. However, it is interesting to note that one psalm will state a principle, then there will follow several psalms that will be explanatory. Psalms 1–8 are an example of this.

The Book of Psalms is arranged in an orderly manner. In fact, it has been noted for years that the Book of Psalms is arranged and corresponds to the Pentateuch of Moses. There are Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy sections, as you will see in the outline.

The correspondence between the Psalms and the Pentateuch is easily seen. For instance, in the Genesis section you see the perfect man in a state of blessedness, as in Psalm 1. Next you have the fall and recovery of man in view. Psalm 2 pictures the rebellious man. In Psalm 3 is the perfect man rejected. In Psalm 4 we see the conflict between the seed of the woman and the serpent. In Psalm 5 we find the perfect man in the midst of enemies. Psalm 6 presents the perfect man in the midst of chastisement with the bruising of his heel. In Psalm 7 we see the perfect man in the midst of false witnesses. Finally, in Psalm 8 we see the salvation of man coming through the bruising of the head. In Psalms 9–15 we see the enemy and Antichrist conflict and the final deliverance. Then in Psalms 16–41 we see Christ in the midst of His people sanctifying them to God. All of this will be seen as we go through the Book of Psalms.

Spurgeon said, “The Book of Psalms instructs us in the use of wings as well as words. It sets us both mounting and singing.” This is the book that may make a skylark out of you instead of some other kind of a bird. This book has been called the epitome and analogy of the soul. It has also been designated as the garden of the Scriptures. Out of 219 quotations of the Old Testament in the New Testament, 116 of them are from the Psalms. You will see 150 spiritual songs which undoubtedly at one time were all set to music. This is a book which ought to make our hearts sing.

(McGee, J. Vernon. Thru the Bible Commentary, Vol. 17: Psalms 1-41. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1991.)

Poems & Quotes

Psalms Introduction—1:1

“The Psalms are the voices of the church."
          –Ambrose

“They are the epitome of the whole Scripture.”
          –Augustine

“They are a little book for all saints.”
          –Martin Luther

“They are the anatomy of all parts of the soul.”
          –John Calvin

“They are the choice and flower of all things profitable in other books.”
          –Richard Hooker

“The Psalms foretell what I, what any shall do and suffer and say.”
          –John Donne

“They are the thousand-voiced heart of the church.”
          –Isaac Watts

“The Book of Psalms instructs us in the use of wings as well as words. It sets us both mounting and singing.”
          –Charles Spurgeon

Psalm 1

“Meditation chews the cud.”
          –Bartholomew Ashwood

Psalm 2

We hear little man speaking his little piece and playing his part—as Shakespeare puts it, “A poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage.”
          –Dr. J. Vernon McGee

Psalms 3, 4

“Because I fear God, I have no man to fear.”
          –Oliver Cromwell

Psalms 9:1—11:1

“One with God is a majority.”
          –Martin Luther

Psalms 16:1—17:1

"I do not know what the heart of a villain is—I only know the heart of a righteous man, and it’s frightful.”
          –Count Joseph de Maistre

“I see no sin committed but what I too might have committed.”
          –Johann von Goethe

Psalms 25:1—27:1

“I have learned that if you fear God, you have no one else to fear.”
          –Oliver Cromwell

“Of whom shall I be afraid? One with God is a majority.”
          –Martin Luther

Psalms 29, 30

“This psalm is elaborated with a symmetry of which no more perfect specimen exists in Hebrew.”
          –Johannes Ewald

“The Psalm of seven thunders.”
          –Description of Psalm 29 by Franz Delitzsch

“This Psalm is a magnificent description of a thunderstorm. Its might marches from north to south, the desolation and terror which it causes, the peal of thunder, the flash of lightning, even the gathering fury and lull of the elements, are vividly depicted.”
          –J.J. Stewart Perowne

Psalms 36—38

“[Sinners] are self-destroyers by being self-flatterers; Satan could not deceive them, if they did not deceive themselves. But will the cheat last always? No, the day is coming when his iniquity shall be found hateful.”
          –Matthew Henry

Psalms 69—72

School Prayer
Now I sit me down in school
Where praying is against the rule.
For this great nation under God
Finds public mention of Him odd.
Any prayer a class recites
Violates the Bill of Rights.
Any time my head I bow
Becomes a Federal matter now.
Teach us of stars, of pole and equator—
Make no mention of their Creator.
Tell of experts in Denmark or Sweden,
But not a word of what Eve did in Eden.
The law is specific, the law is precise—
Praying out loud is no longer nice.
Praying aloud in a public hall
Upsets believers of nothing at all.
In silence alone can we meditate,
And if God should get the credit—great!
This rule, however, has a gimmick in it—
You’ve got to be finished in less than a minute.
So all I ask is a minute of quiet.
If I feel like praying, then maybe I’ll try it.
If not, oh Lord, this plea I make,
Should I die in school, my soul you’ll take.
          –Author unknown

Psalms 100—102

They were looking for a king
To slay their foes and lift them high;
Thou cam’st, a little baby thing
That made a woman cry.
          –George McDonald

Psalms 103—106

“God remembers that we are dust. We forget it, and when dust gets stuck on itself, it is mud.”
          –Dr. George Gill

Psalm 119

“The next great revival will be a revival of the Word of God.”
          –Dwight L. Moody

“God is going to win. There will be more saved than there will be lost.”
          –Charles Spurgeon

“It is strange that of all the pieces of the Bible which my mother taught me, that which cost me the most to learn, and which was to my childish mind the most repulsive – Psalm 119 – has now become of all the most precious to me in its overflowing and glorious passion of love for the Law of God.”
          –John Ruskin

“Walked from Hyde Park corner, repeating the 119th Psalm in great comfort.”
          –From the diary of William Wilberforce

Psalms 122-131

“Everything depends on the blessing of God.”
          –Old German proverb

Psalms 137-138

Historian Edward Gibbons' five reasons for the decline and fall of Rome

1. The undermining of the dignity and sanctity of the home, which is the basis of human society.
2. Higher and higher taxes; the spending of public money for free bread and circuses for the populace.
3. The mad craze for pleasure; sports becoming every year more exciting, more brutal, more immoral.
4. The building of great armaments when the great enemy was within; the decay of individual responsibility.
5. The decay of religion, fading into a mere form, losing touch with life, losing power to guide the people.
          –From The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire by Edward Gibbon

“In our youth we had a profound sense of national purpose, which we lost over the years of our rise to glory.”
          –Clinton Rosita, Professor of American Institutions at Cornell University

“The difference between what Washington men say in public and what they say in private is greater today than at any time since the war. In public they talk about how optimistic and wonderful the future is, but the private conversations of thoughtful men here in Washington are quite different. For the first time since the war, one begins to hear of doubts that mortal men are capable of solving, or even controlling political, social and economic problems life has placed before them."
          –James Weston, Wall Street Journal

“The American dream is vanishing in the midst of terrifying realities and visible signs of decadence in our contemporary society.”
          –Dr. Seagraves, Singer, History Professor at Salsbury, NC

“The United States of America in the past 50 years has been dominated to a large extent by persons who do not understand the spiritual heritage bequeathed by their own ancestors.”
          –Dr. Albert Hyma, Professor of History at University of Michigan

“America’s coasting downhill on a godless ancestry, and God pity America when we hit the bottom of the hill.”
          –Dr. J. Gresham Machen

Psalms 138-139

“Tell God all that is in your heart, as one unloads one's heart, its pleasures and its pains, to a dear friend. Tell Him your troubles, that He may comfort you; tell Him your joys, that He may sober them; tell Him your longings, that He may purify them; tell Him your dislikes, that He may help you to conquer them; talk to Him of your temptations, that He may shield you from them; show Him the wounds of your heart, that He may heal them; lay bare your indifference to good, your depraved tastes for evil, your instability. Tell Him how self-love makes you unjust to others, how vanity tempts you to be insincere, how pride disguises you to yourself as to others. If you thus pour out all your weaknesses, needs, troubles, there will be no lack of what to say. You will never exhaust the subject. It is continually being renewed. People who have no secrets from each other never want for subjects of conversation. They do not weigh their words, for there is nothing to be held back; neither do they seek for something to say. They talk out of the abundance of the heart, without consideration, just what they think. Blessed are they who attain to such familiar, unreserved intercourse with God.”
          –Fenelon

“I carry this in the back of my Bible, everywhere I go, and every now and then I get it out and read it. This was written by Fenelon, a great saint and mystic of the Middle Ages.”
          –Dr. J. Vernon McGee, in reference to the Fenelon quote above

I wish that my room had a floor;
I don’t so much care for a door.
But this walking around
Without touching the ground
Is getting to be quite a bore.
          –Gelett Burgess

Of all the sad surprises
There’s nothing to compare
With treading in the darkness
On a step that isn’t there.
          –Author unknown

Psalms 144-150

Dr. A.C. Gaebelein told of a visit he had from an Orthodox Jew: “He stated that he had read the New Testament and found the title of Jesus of Nazareth so often mentioned as the ‘son of man.’ He then declared that there is a warning in the Old Testament not to trust the son of man. As we asked him for the passage he quoted from this Psalm, ‘Trust not…in the son of man in whom there is no salvation.’ We explained to him that if our Lord had been only the son of man and nothing else, if He had not been Immanuel, the virgin-born Son of God, if it were not true as Isaiah stated it, that He is the child born and the Son given, there would be no salvation in Him. But He came God’s Son and appeared in the form of man for our redemption. His argument showed the blindness of the Jew. The statement is given in this Psalm, that man is sinful, that there is no hope in man, he is a finite creature and turns to dust. There is but One in whom salvation, and all man’s needs is found, the God of Jacob, the loving Jehovah.”
          –Dr. A.C. Gaebelein, The Book of Psalms